"b 0x12345" will place a line breakpoint at line number 0x12345 of the current source file. The "nonsensical" extra asterisk is used to tell gdb that you want an address breakpoint instead.
Just a guess: if you have an expression language that lexes numbers in a few bases, then when parsing some commands you no longer know which base the number token was, all you know is that you got a number, and in case of the break command you interpret that as a line number unless prefixed with a * token