How could this be achieved? I have one model in mind that might enable this type of long-term planning, but it would take quite a bit of work to make the US like China.
The reason China can do it is because they are an autocracy. Voters don't matter and their elections aren't as meaningful, meaning they can have projects longer than an election cycle.
If you want to get the West on a path this way, you have to get the people to have a change in how they evaluate their leaders. But first, you need to have the people trust in the leaders, which they don't right now for good reason. It is a tough nut to crack.
I'm not saying this in approval of authoritarianism btw. I think the results of that are worse, but it does have advantages (which is why it is attractive to some).