Ah, thanks! I dug a little more and found that the original test [1] from llvm-toolchain was a little different in the upstream Debian repository. It set the triple to armv7l for armhf hosts.
But I haven't yet found a similar repository on the Raspbian side. I guess I'd expect to find it within their GitHub org, but my searching didn't reveal it.
Yeah, Raspbian doesn't seem to be developed as a community project. There's no package tracker[1] like Debian or Ubuntu. I suppose they don't tend to diverge much, in practice.
Anyway, I suppose this all means Raspberry Pi OS/Raspbian are able to patch this, without requiring it to first be fixed in Debian or Clang.
Uncovering this slight difference really makes me long for something like the Debian GitLab instance (or really any kind of public change tracking) to document a bug or suggest a change.
Agreed, sure looks like it's Raspbian's build configuration to fix.
You can also use https://raspi.debian.net/, which is preferable on newer Pis due to the use of arm64 (early Pis had a weird arch which sat between armel and armhf, so either you used armel and things were slow(er), or you rebuilt the packages with the extra float support (as Raspbian did)).