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Very interesting, could someone please do the same computation for filling 64 bit storage?


16 million terablocks, or 8 billion terabytes.

Or a third of a billion 24 TB drives, which is one of the larger sizes currently available.

Some random search results say the global hard drive market is around an eighth of a billion units, but of course much of that will be smaller sizes.

So that should be physically realizable today (well, with today's commercial technology), with only a few years of global production.


> 16 million terablocks, or 8 billion terabytes.

To be clear, the first quote was talking about 2^64 bytes, and you're talking about 2^64 blocks.

Edit: Though confusingly the second part talked about 2^128 blocks.

Also these days I'd assume 4KB blocks instead of 512 bytes.


> To be clear, the first quote was talking about 2^64 bytes

That's 16 exabytes. Wikipedia cites a re:invent video to say that Amazon S3 has "100s of exabytes" in it.

So it not only could theoretically be done, but has been done.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_S3


> Or a third of a billion 24 TB drives, which is one of the larger sizes currently available.

For the record, 44TB drives have been announced in March 2026:

* https://www.seagate.com/ca/en/stories/articles/seagate-deliv...


SSDs have outclassed hard drives in density for a while now. Kioxia claims their LC9 is over 245TB in capacity, announced July 2025.


How much does one 245T LC9 cost, and much much do (245T÷44T=5.5=) six Seagates cost?

I have a bunch of NVMe enclosures that generate 750W of heat when going full blast, and 600W when completely idle. How heat does the equivalent number of HDDs generate when working/idle?


Storage densities can be extremely high. Filling 2^64 of storage is very doable and people have been doing it for a while. It all moves downstream; I remember when a 2^32 was an unimaginable amount of storage.

Many petabytes fit in a single rack and many data sources generate several petabytes per day. I'm aware of sources that in aggregate store exabytes per day. Most of which gets promptly deleted because platforms that can efficiently analyze data at that scale are severely lacking.

I've never heard of anyone actually storing zettabytes but it isn't beyond the realm of possibility in the not too distant future.


You want someone to put "3.4*10^27 / 2^64" into a calculator? 200 million joules, using all the same assumptions. 50kWh. Though that leaves the question of how the energy requirements change when we're not going for extreme density (half a nanogram??).

If we instead consider a million 18TB hard drives, and estimate they each need 8 watts for 20 hours to fill up, 2^64 bytes take 160MWh to write on modern hardware. And they'll weigh 700 tons.

Edit: The quote is inconsistent about whether it wants to talk about bytes or blocks, so add or subtract a factor of about a thousand depending on what you want.




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