You can bind ports 1024-65535, and if you're in a home setting, you can just configure the port forwarding/DNAT settings on your home router to forward external ports 80/443 to whatever ports you're using internally.
Containers are nice, but they're not strictly necessary. On Google Pixel 6 and newer phones, you can take it a step further and root your phone and run a KVM-accellerated arm64 Linux virtual machine on your phone. There's a port of Limbo PC emulator that includes support for the KVM accelleration, and it works quite well! It even allows you to pass through USB devices to the guest.
Does your ISP router not allow you forward a port to a different port? I just assumed that was just a basic feature that any router would have. If the ISP router is that bad, it's definitely time to replace the ISP router or put in into bridge mode.
Containers are nice, but they're not strictly necessary. On Google Pixel 6 and newer phones, you can take it a step further and root your phone and run a KVM-accellerated arm64 Linux virtual machine on your phone. There's a port of Limbo PC emulator that includes support for the KVM accelleration, and it works quite well! It even allows you to pass through USB devices to the guest.